tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43624006106982938822024-03-05T17:50:22.683+01:00SCM.Dark/RefractoryProduced by Bao Peijin, Filippo Besenzon and Daniele Moretto at Politecnico di TorinoSCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.comBlogger84125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-704467438721236582011-01-27T13:57:00.002+01:002011-01-27T14:05:00.619+01:00The filosophy of the blog in spanish words<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3RXbkCioc9IIUxkV48Bd8tYZnOc5vBL3e6h6l_buju5UFRqXLlPV6q5xD7OOA8r8oRguMlI7ybaqDl2KqrNjWDzme_rCcDCzsjAaT9IMGjR-hkI7JPFrcEQm5ytSad8BE7v13s0VZDXI/s1600/bandiera%252520spagna.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3RXbkCioc9IIUxkV48Bd8tYZnOc5vBL3e6h6l_buju5UFRqXLlPV6q5xD7OOA8r8oRguMlI7ybaqDl2KqrNjWDzme_rCcDCzsjAaT9IMGjR-hkI7JPFrcEQm5ytSad8BE7v13s0VZDXI/s320/bandiera%252520spagna.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzH8qL6w0PHAiILJ9J5hoGdSb3GNP5VXjgR4IbGZ0Nz2Tmmpoycitt5CLJQ9AG0jgWQ32Uxhemk_ZCsXaCs4g' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-28176699847476326322010-12-09T21:19:00.001+01:002010-12-09T21:19:49.175+01:00Conceptual Map<div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><i>How can i read the blog? </i></span></b></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><i>Philosophy is contained within the concept map!</i> </span></b></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Good vision!</span></b></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAzPgYiw4P3RzT47dcU5RFAOH9XnWSCrvn0qaOGVg3ag2QAAbqeWggHSVn0LP2QpUMkG1veUdVigZBqWjI0Sf-8bJ18grfOy94nqv1TmWXvW62vqD44ZVXewKG2sFcG8r0zUxlaDdbs84/s1600/map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAzPgYiw4P3RzT47dcU5RFAOH9XnWSCrvn0qaOGVg3ag2QAAbqeWggHSVn0LP2QpUMkG1veUdVigZBqWjI0Sf-8bJ18grfOy94nqv1TmWXvW62vqD44ZVXewKG2sFcG8r0zUxlaDdbs84/s400/map.jpg" width="376" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-75652591403571246742010-12-01T11:03:00.002+01:002011-01-27T14:07:17.830+01:00Visualization - The Explaination of "Refractory" and "Dark"<b>Visuwords </b>— Look up words to find their meanings and associations with other words and concepts. Produce diagrams reminiscent of a neural net. Learn how words associate.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjETPz9lB4YeLdQtkwgiV3ya_yyKrpfiZ-Lt0ekJR7jP_YdSnht_68cfNYhtUI7bGkNzMKIxpb2JUUAVU22KEys0ayZGlCaxgEEyF2VkQxHqiGW85E1Q1qsWy4_KBCqxu-I0elnX9TuOxM/s1600/dictionary+network.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="271" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjETPz9lB4YeLdQtkwgiV3ya_yyKrpfiZ-Lt0ekJR7jP_YdSnht_68cfNYhtUI7bGkNzMKIxpb2JUUAVU22KEys0ayZGlCaxgEEyF2VkQxHqiGW85E1Q1qsWy4_KBCqxu-I0elnX9TuOxM/s400/dictionary+network.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Explaination of "Refractory"</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj471SWo08lFuIBcAl3WnF9hDx-bNbNsRMoAm_1sMkVjRURgd9e2Te-MSbBtL825L1FgI1Hmfh07exezJA4qPW9d85-qLi4absEayoJbT5Q9WJCJGtZF2O0IeGnwxZB44ktVUERRC64Yt0/s1600/dictionary+network2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="307" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj471SWo08lFuIBcAl3WnF9hDx-bNbNsRMoAm_1sMkVjRURgd9e2Te-MSbBtL825L1FgI1Hmfh07exezJA4qPW9d85-qLi4absEayoJbT5Q9WJCJGtZF2O0IeGnwxZB44ktVUERRC64Yt0/s400/dictionary+network2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Explaination of "Dark"</strong></td></tr>
</tbody></table>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-27618633199429581732010-11-30T19:45:00.000+01:002010-11-30T19:45:37.993+01:00Christmas balls<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcvqccnJSCMEh_7ZquBFBf_dL9Fn-zPskOjFrs58BGjaECfAy9Yr91Bjqf_IH4wrgm7PGnLzDIzTpfm9mUktoBeVSHZo1CvpIfbpoZSJVOsEZD2LG3gQ421wS3bIB5iUKYIyL0izPwVQ0/s1600/Palline_fotoCol.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcvqccnJSCMEh_7ZquBFBf_dL9Fn-zPskOjFrs58BGjaECfAy9Yr91Bjqf_IH4wrgm7PGnLzDIzTpfm9mUktoBeVSHZo1CvpIfbpoZSJVOsEZD2LG3gQ421wS3bIB5iUKYIyL0izPwVQ0/s400/Palline_fotoCol.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1489750091">Christmas ornaments</a></b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_ornament"> </a>are decorations (usually made of glass, metal, wood or ceramics) that are used to festoon a Christmas tree. Ornaments take many different forms, from a simple <a href="http://www.modulstudio.it/MODULSTUDIO_PROMOTIONALS/Prodotti/Palline_di_Natale/Articoli_Promozionali_Personalizzati_ColoriPallineDiNatale.html">round ball</a> to highly artistic designs. Ornaments are almost always reused year after year, rather than purchased annually, and family collections often contain a combination of commercially produced ornaments and decorations created by family members. Such collections are often passed on and augmented from generation to generation.</span></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-19125323613300511582010-11-23T11:57:00.003+01:002011-01-27T14:07:56.182+01:00Solar Cooker - Invention from the Idea of ReflectivityA <b>solar oven</b> or <b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cooker"><span style="color: #0b5394;">solar cooker</span></a></b> is a device which uses sunlight as its energy source. Solar Cookers are a form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outdoor_cooking" title="Outdoor cooking"><span style="color: #444444;">outdoor cooking</span></a> and are often used in situations where minimal fuel consumption is important, or the danger of accidental fires is high.<br />
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There are a variety of types of solar cookers: over 65 major designs and hundreds of variations of them. The basic principles of all solar cookers are: Concentrating sunlight, Converting light to heat, Trapping heat.<br />
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Solar ovens can be used to prepare anything that can be made in a conventional oven or stove—from baked bread to steamed vegetables to roasted meat. Since solar ovens are placed outside, they do not contribute unwanted heat inside houses.Solar cookers use no fuel, which means that their users do not need to fetch or pay for firewood, gas, electricity, or other fuels.Solar cookers do not produce any smoke. Unlike cooking over an open fire, children cannot be burned by touching solar cookers, which are made from the cardboard or plastic and do not get hot. <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc9nCU9WeWs1WG60hy3aONF9JdhshsUwl3EvnKSZvPlgOqyfw_YhXDK63YDlMdwX3OrTD1LTWCI-dQ4OcOtFLXJwFCDKlEyKY-SQVV483snlGQ8Mpnv8o4IlBXdn9qUIwoeVg3V25O0e4/s1600/HotPot-cooking-vessel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="142" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc9nCU9WeWs1WG60hy3aONF9JdhshsUwl3EvnKSZvPlgOqyfw_YhXDK63YDlMdwX3OrTD1LTWCI-dQ4OcOtFLXJwFCDKlEyKY-SQVV483snlGQ8Mpnv8o4IlBXdn9qUIwoeVg3V25O0e4/s200/HotPot-cooking-vessel.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="thumbcaption"><strong>Panel Cooker:</strong> The HotPot cooking </div><div class="thumbcaption">vessel consists of a dark pot sus-</div><div class="thumbcaption">pended inside clear pot with a lid</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju1C7BNom8WzciowOh7dj7IeVLaQ6AMRKAIjzwO2iFulxF3Rt03S6XRWOpnmXwZGR6Bpl6VLju_3IUu8-BZrmxpStSU95mgO8rSoy5Ttaxpmhtaxkf87t5M1GepDXpgsOagg9K-VQNKtI/s1600/FOUR_SOLAIRE_SUN_OVEN_HORNO_SOLAR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju1C7BNom8WzciowOh7dj7IeVLaQ6AMRKAIjzwO2iFulxF3Rt03S6XRWOpnmXwZGR6Bpl6VLju_3IUu8-BZrmxpStSU95mgO8rSoy5Ttaxpmhtaxkf87t5M1GepDXpgsOagg9K-VQNKtI/s320/FOUR_SOLAIRE_SUN_OVEN_HORNO_SOLAR.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Box Cooker:</strong> Sun oven</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP4KTHCN_NVkNOCYMKpGBDzE9sGcySx2cC3e2q9q6DgQIHuNalJuOvEe1saLgfPBBcjkaf1LPmizoBfMiMhqGsr0FyJp9Yxkhj2nLoze_4ciB4SkL6nzRZt7ZbHhGHUMwHt-KnekIDA40/s1600/800px-ALSOL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP4KTHCN_NVkNOCYMKpGBDzE9sGcySx2cC3e2q9q6DgQIHuNalJuOvEe1saLgfPBBcjkaf1LPmizoBfMiMhqGsr0FyJp9Yxkhj2nLoze_4ciB4SkL6nzRZt7ZbHhGHUMwHt-KnekIDA40/s320/800px-ALSOL.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Parabolic Cooker</strong></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-444390251230533692010-11-20T22:04:00.001+01:002010-11-21T20:21:35.123+01:00A New Function of Cell Phone by Girls Today<div style="text-align: justify;">Today, the function of mobile is not just making a phone call or sending a message. It has become an essential thing carried by many fashion girls every day. Since the screen of new-produced cell phone can even reflect images, now it has been always used as a mirror to make up .</div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAyqz3WRAXy82a5420cH8H5zjuC7Uv7CB2mEum4p3IULZRTBjbZ5vecAPwRoYfbUdiAunKcjRTytGWXgCWDx0sz-en13ExxjX7Rjp5ASi5RsMDqGMpOKqxm4MxPrpXIjU2rQ8QlEXMmTA/s1600/091019083406359ceRCprXs4JXQ.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="241" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAyqz3WRAXy82a5420cH8H5zjuC7Uv7CB2mEum4p3IULZRTBjbZ5vecAPwRoYfbUdiAunKcjRTytGWXgCWDx0sz-en13ExxjX7Rjp5ASi5RsMDqGMpOKqxm4MxPrpXIjU2rQ8QlEXMmTA/s320/091019083406359ceRCprXs4JXQ.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj13-dUnIg9oTd7nnHfR8qayZY0WSgAaRIRKAqqYFnyTfPyuTbIGLUbjBO9mS1fq_DGugr4MiWTcL-YIyWX6gydITNV9EawUVpJPEAJzhu-pxvCPVUxvttq4VqNJCEFuupwMiMdPsD1b1I/s1600/ceSDB8mFZMpMY.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj13-dUnIg9oTd7nnHfR8qayZY0WSgAaRIRKAqqYFnyTfPyuTbIGLUbjBO9mS1fq_DGugr4MiWTcL-YIyWX6gydITNV9EawUVpJPEAJzhu-pxvCPVUxvttq4VqNJCEFuupwMiMdPsD1b1I/s320/ceSDB8mFZMpMY.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-46055297205372293712010-11-20T21:10:00.004+01:002011-01-27T16:29:17.623+01:00Obervation Method of Eclipse in Ancient Chinese Astronomy<div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse"><span style="color: #073763;">Eclipse</span></a> is one of the important astronomical events humans can perceive by eyes, so humans pay more attention to it in ancient times. There are quantities of records of eclipse observation. In about 20 centuries BC, the earliest record of eclipse in the world is found in a Chinese chronology. It is estimated that there are about thousands of records of eclipse in Chinese chronology (the most in the world).</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">In ancient times, the main method of observing eclipse is reflection from water basin, which is used in 1 century BC. In Song Dynasty, people began to use oil basin instead of water basin. And in Yuan Dynasty, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guo_Shoujing"><span style="color: #073763;">GUO Shoujin</span></a> did measurement of eclipse by means of image by ping hole. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Astronomer, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Guangqi"><span style="color: #073763;">XU Guangqi</span></a> had begun to observe the eclipse by means of telescope. </div><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlg8YikLomOsE52HoggN65ALsjJPW8BLjq-24idz6yq17sQbqKg_Xq8Nv91wtX7VcEUWJtE2h6aKLVkeuTMrPLm4CGJ9FqM6xdKzU7E8TyAINYs4zfI9P_vdzxHrlU9To6FvBWG1KE_0E/s1600/200971281828152.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlg8YikLomOsE52HoggN65ALsjJPW8BLjq-24idz6yq17sQbqKg_Xq8Nv91wtX7VcEUWJtE2h6aKLVkeuTMrPLm4CGJ9FqM6xdKzU7E8TyAINYs4zfI9P_vdzxHrlU9To6FvBWG1KE_0E/s320/200971281828152.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
<strong>Reflection of eclipse in ink water basin</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLho_wXaQbgHzNOG9kVUEmbfmacFsGAPca1HwC1oRfjzdiVxpdTPruukFuX50_Z-9Gy4DUIoGViUBnO3x9Ckz2GnJEZiguScPLZgduQY_IM-Muc7wLReMGfIi61QXWWl__5f2Q-pELLV4/s1600/guoshoujing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" s5="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLho_wXaQbgHzNOG9kVUEmbfmacFsGAPca1HwC1oRfjzdiVxpdTPruukFuX50_Z-9Gy4DUIoGViUBnO3x9Ckz2GnJEZiguScPLZgduQY_IM-Muc7wLReMGfIi61QXWWl__5f2Q-pELLV4/s1600/guoshoujing.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
<span class="word"><strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Chinese Ancient Astronomer</span></strong></span> <span style="font-size: x-small;">"<strong>GUO </strong></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong>Shoujing</strong>" <strong>in Yuan Dynnasty</strong></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-61970172485673573432010-11-20T14:38:00.001+01:002010-11-20T14:38:50.150+01:00Lip gloss<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXMm6rx7QfinOsmt5DSkX8frlM5YsfP1FNeVMqxPekFFjM_3Us3VyEtl47vjWP5onBWz0fE_Q2y_0AFgB6Q7tnzTUILgRgc95Hr5abjBW9eElLIiq37TVl4F2hNbSG-V9yEtHpc0VcMm8/s1600/lead-free-lipstick2-lg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXMm6rx7QfinOsmt5DSkX8frlM5YsfP1FNeVMqxPekFFjM_3Us3VyEtl47vjWP5onBWz0fE_Q2y_0AFgB6Q7tnzTUILgRgc95Hr5abjBW9eElLIiq37TVl4F2hNbSG-V9yEtHpc0VcMm8/s320/lead-free-lipstick2-lg.jpg" width="250" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstick">Lipstick</a></i></b> is a cosmetic product containing pigments, oils, waxes, and emollients that applies color and texture to the lips. There are many varieties of lipstick. As with most other types of makeup, lipstick is typically, but not exclusively, worn by women. It is usually not worn until adolescence or adulthood.</span></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-91428642000286770342010-11-20T14:28:00.001+01:002010-11-20T20:04:24.271+01:00Mediterranean House<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwABrIT8v_mYf1q6rIFiKEYQBsnTjYyjH1cB4e9TKF3VTKJtBYUiv2tD5T32RvmtlW9GKZfn0s0ANQ4RghfWCiBKQk40k8mn0te6jJ-DbLP-Ohdi6ifuKAxbfnashuQYI95iEp4U4F0-s/s1600/archmed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwABrIT8v_mYf1q6rIFiKEYQBsnTjYyjH1cB4e9TKF3VTKJtBYUiv2tD5T32RvmtlW9GKZfn0s0ANQ4RghfWCiBKQk40k8mn0te6jJ-DbLP-Ohdi6ifuKAxbfnashuQYI95iEp4U4F0-s/s320/archmed.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">To avoid excessive heating of homes in the south countries, the materials commonly used have light color to prevent the absorption of sunlight rays and maintain low temperatures inside the locals.</span></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-39744523325108253112010-11-20T14:10:00.001+01:002010-11-20T14:29:42.794+01:00Mirror on your eyes<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguipo2BBvC-aTOLyO8ttprO90XFeAQDqIRu-mniqbH0t62Ezlmp8gxtAnBoApvbzQWZS2AisZtrHhmL4aZOOGUHh5DG161O2lDCPRYCCZEHg2nt_Ku_mv2MEBO0Cx_X-d_ico5gpjzr40/s1600/rayban.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguipo2BBvC-aTOLyO8ttprO90XFeAQDqIRu-mniqbH0t62Ezlmp8gxtAnBoApvbzQWZS2AisZtrHhmL4aZOOGUHh5DG161O2lDCPRYCCZEHg2nt_Ku_mv2MEBO0Cx_X-d_ico5gpjzr40/s320/rayban.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rayban silver mirror</td></tr>
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<div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray-Ban">Ray-Ban</a></i></b> is a manufacturer of sunglasses, founded in 1937 by Bausch & Lomb. They were introduced for the United States Army Air Corps. In 1999, Bausch & Lomb sold the brand to the Italian Luxottica Group. Ray-Bans were created in 1937. Some years earlier, Lieutenant John MacCready returned from a balloon flying adventure and complained that the sun had permanently damaged his eyes. He contacted Bausch & Lomb asking them to create sunglasses that would provide protection and also look elegant. On May 7, 1937, Bausch & Lomb took out the patent. The prototype, known as Anti-Glare, had an extremely light frame weighing 150 grams. They were made of gold-plated metal with green lenses made of mineral glass to filter outinfrared and ultraviolet rays. Pilots in the United States Army Air Corps immediately adopted the sunglasses. The Ray-Ban Aviatorbecame a well-known style of sunglasses when General Douglas MacArthur landed on the beach in the Philippines in World War II, and photographers snapped several pictures of him wearing them.</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-1067879250265340372010-11-20T14:02:00.002+01:002010-11-20T14:04:54.781+01:00Cueva de los Verdes<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGoEq8CV4mtbRSKmrAEw2RaEoSbDJsn7eJYLJ2_WeyFJcPTkZw3Z5DdRavZRjwNoucj3ajRzivkPUKmLDvsStjqz89HbQvLG3CIscGDbYLfUreycH-gp-MTdOXnN_GK6xGETwV0Hd6cIk/s1600/Reflection_-_Cuevas_de_los_Verdes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGoEq8CV4mtbRSKmrAEw2RaEoSbDJsn7eJYLJ2_WeyFJcPTkZw3Z5DdRavZRjwNoucj3ajRzivkPUKmLDvsStjqz89HbQvLG3CIscGDbYLfUreycH-gp-MTdOXnN_GK6xGETwV0Hd6cIk/s320/Reflection_-_Cuevas_de_los_Verdes.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif;">La <i><b><a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Verdes">Cueva de los Verdes</a></b></i> is a cave located on the island of Lanzarote. It is one of the great features of the lava tube caused by the eruption of the vulcan Monte Corona. In the Cueva de los Verdes, you can see a cave formed by two superimposed galleries, will succeed corridors, mazes, lagoons and groundwater seemingly bottomless abyss, all cleverly lit to bring out the shapes and colors of solidified lava.Thousands of lanzarotes took refuge in her womb in centuries past to save their lives in pirate attacks which devastated the island. One of the galleries has a large auditorium with a capacity of one thousand people, which are held sporadically in various musical events.</span></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-12019033239812789362010-11-20T13:45:00.001+01:002010-11-20T13:46:08.983+01:00Cool Water<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgayfuVvBooGt-f0fTTHDhieqEKtkQWqQHaSg5c-1NM3cfE1QHI63OEtslcdcGf39Etx_VXuwab95PiwZ_TbE52XRtTRjfBYI1pHzZphVR1GbyGYh-pRQnyQbyu1BKOoEzCPNcGvVdpQiw/s1600/davidoff.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgayfuVvBooGt-f0fTTHDhieqEKtkQWqQHaSg5c-1NM3cfE1QHI63OEtslcdcGf39Etx_VXuwab95PiwZ_TbE52XRtTRjfBYI1pHzZphVR1GbyGYh-pRQnyQbyu1BKOoEzCPNcGvVdpQiw/s320/davidoff.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Cool Water</b> is a perfume introduced in 1988 by Davidoff, now a part of Coty Prestige. The perfumer is Pierre Bourdon. Cool Water contains a blend of lavender, jasmine, oakmoss, musk, sandalwood.</div></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-23016901050615093082010-11-20T13:32:00.001+01:002010-11-20T13:34:25.473+01:00The Dark Superhero<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFTmrGfhnrUvV1njFbfrlgJjfQIk7s2IbmgcV9Sl__Fumu-QTjgp6Y5RbBtf6qnL57E3SkKH5ZrsvpGiMfuQQNCPHPMgvrGLbNvlQWMQYx0PrSzyR4LkLRoMeSbIoodNEg9-MCXmc4-js/s1600/dkposter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFTmrGfhnrUvV1njFbfrlgJjfQIk7s2IbmgcV9Sl__Fumu-QTjgp6Y5RbBtf6qnL57E3SkKH5ZrsvpGiMfuQQNCPHPMgvrGLbNvlQWMQYx0PrSzyR4LkLRoMeSbIoodNEg9-MCXmc4-js/s320/dkposter.jpg" width="216" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_(film)">The Dark Knight</a></i></td></tr>
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<div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman"><i>Batman</i></a></b> is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_(arts)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Character (arts)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">fictional character</span></a> created by the artist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Kane" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Bob Kane"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Bob Kane</span></a> and writer <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Finger" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Bill Finger"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Bill Finger</span></a>. A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comic_book" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Comic book"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">comic book</span></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superhero" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Superhero"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">superhero</span></a>, Batman first appeared in<i>Detective Comics</i> #27 in May 1939, and since then has appeared in many of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_Comics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="DC Comics"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">DC Comics</span></a>’ publications. Originally referred to as "<b>the Bat-Man</b>" and still referred to at times as "<b>the Batman</b>", he is additionally known as "<b>The Caped Crusader</b>", "<b>The Dark Knight</b>", and "<b>The World's Greatest Detective</b>".</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">In the original version of the story and the vast majority of retellings, Batman's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_identity" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Secret identity"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">secret identity</span></a> is <b>Bruce Wayne</b>, an American millionaire (later billionaire) playboy, industrialist, and philanthropist. Having witnessed the murder of his parents as a child, he swore revenge on crime, an oath tempered with the greater ideal of justice. Wayne trains himself both physically and intellectually and dons a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Bat"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">bat</span></a>-themed costume in order to fight crime. Batman operates in the fictional American <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotham_City" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gotham City"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Gotham City</span></a>, assisted by various supporting characters including his crime-fighting partner, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_(comics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Robin (comics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Robin</span></a>, his butler <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Pennyworth" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Alfred Pennyworth"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Alfred Pennyworth</span></a>, the police commissioner <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Gordon_(comics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="James Gordon (comics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Jim Gordon</span></a>, and occasionally the heroine <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batgirl" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Batgirl"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Batgirl</span></a>. He fights an assortment of villains such as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker_(comics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Joker (comics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Joker</span></a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguin_(comics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Penguin (comics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Penguin</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-Face" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Two-Face"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Two-Face</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison_Ivy_(comics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Poison Ivy (comics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Poison Ivy</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catwoman" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Catwoman"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Catwoman</span></a>, influenced by the characters' roots in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Film"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">film</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_magazine" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Pulp magazine"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">pulp magazines</span></a>. Unlike most superheroes, he does not possess any <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superpower_(ability)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Superpower (ability)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">superpowers</span></a>; he makes use of intellect, detective skills, science and technology, wealth, physical prowess, an indomitable will and intimidation in his continuous war on crime.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQhYDvAqvRAblBVY5LVAqeYgVEsQqD23ancX-0oz4-PYf3xIhi-XpFOhqQPDWyEbotv0QzUB6484NKcGIaCdQojbDU_OVxTDdeQZA-l1vFBjWHe2JtfR_6cBajZdedWOcuILQ9cSXELvE/s1600/Batman_Lee.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQhYDvAqvRAblBVY5LVAqeYgVEsQqD23ancX-0oz4-PYf3xIhi-XpFOhqQPDWyEbotv0QzUB6484NKcGIaCdQojbDU_OVxTDdeQZA-l1vFBjWHe2JtfR_6cBajZdedWOcuILQ9cSXELvE/s320/Batman_Lee.png" width="199" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><br />
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</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-69176954608708655182010-11-20T00:31:00.001+01:002010-11-20T13:15:21.665+01:00A Fantastic Reflection in Nature - Mirage<div style="text-align: justify;">A <b>mirage</b> is a naturally occurring <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_phenomenon" title="Optical phenomenon"><span style="color: #0645ad;">optical phenomenon</span></a> in which light rays are bent to produce a displaced image of distant objects or the sky. The word comes to English via the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" title="French language"><span style="color: #0645ad;">French</span></a> <i>mirage</i>, from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Latin</span></a> <i>mirare</i>, meaning "to look at, to wonder at". This is the same root as for "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror" title="Mirror"><span style="color: #0645ad;">mirror</span></a>" and "to admire".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">In contrast to a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallucination" title="Hallucination"><span style="color: #0645ad;">hallucination</span></a>, a mirage is a real optical phenomenon which can be captured on camera, since light rays actually are refracted to form the false image at the observer's location. What the image appears to represent, however, is determined by the interpretive faculties of the human mind. For example, inferior images on land are very easily mistaken for the reflections from a small body of water.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Mirages can be categorized as "inferior" (meaning lower), "superior" (meaning higher) and "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fata_Morgana_(mirage)" title="Fata Morgana (mirage)"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Fata Morgana</span></a>", one kind of superior mirage consisting of a series of unusually elaborate, vertically-stacked images, which form one rapidly-changing mirage.</div><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirage">More information about Mirage</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4vtZ12E-3jY2_tI9fJdIZtpUleB1-nLtCR2393x0iPMmbEly8uscIBDQJclMCZmQuve1iCuFbvuIOarj7K4DtYr4fVtR1qnZLRDxPha60NjH4e9XJUgla5pyTdqeLbj4KItHoP0pRLdA/s1600/767px-Farallon_Islands_at_inferior_mirage_no_mirage_and_superior_mirage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="250" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4vtZ12E-3jY2_tI9fJdIZtpUleB1-nLtCR2393x0iPMmbEly8uscIBDQJclMCZmQuve1iCuFbvuIOarj7K4DtYr4fVtR1qnZLRDxPha60NjH4e9XJUgla5pyTdqeLbj4KItHoP0pRLdA/s320/767px-Farallon_Islands_at_inferior_mirage_no_mirage_and_superior_mirage.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="magnify"></div><div class="thumbcaption">The uppermost inset frame shows an inferior mirage of the </div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farallon_Islands" title="Farallon Islands"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Farallon Islands</span></a>. The second inset frame is the Farallon </div><div class="thumbcaption">Islands with a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_flash" title="Green flash"><span style="color: #0645ad;">green flash</span></a> on the left-hand side. </div><div class="thumbcaption">The two lower frames and the main frame all show </div><div class="thumbcaption">superior mirages of the Farallon Islands. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwpNuwIxtxjlxUm3OOmRRdgkE-ief87fkiNrK7pqsaGpkfbOnN5RUxAdfM7m72VnPGQFlf-KClbj4oXU1ARWTlTFvwfj2V9pOwALtHnZq3gQCRmF4e6T2j-Tbixf4K37kEZEbBN2-uStE/s1600/650px-Pavement_Mirage_Diagram_svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="147" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwpNuwIxtxjlxUm3OOmRRdgkE-ief87fkiNrK7pqsaGpkfbOnN5RUxAdfM7m72VnPGQFlf-KClbj4oXU1ARWTlTFvwfj2V9pOwALtHnZq3gQCRmF4e6T2j-Tbixf4K37kEZEbBN2-uStE/s320/650px-Pavement_Mirage_Diagram_svg.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The cause of an inferior mirage (light curvature greatly exaggerated)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-57778675966859610912010-11-20T00:04:00.001+01:002010-11-20T13:13:31.399+01:00Eco technology - Heat Reflective Glass<h1 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">HEAT REFLECTIVE GLASS</span></h1><div style="text-align: justify;">Also known as <strong>Energy Efficient Glass</strong>, or <strong>low-e glass</strong>, heat reflective glass has a special metallic coating on one side. This very thin coating gives a slight brown or grey tint to the glass and allows the suns energy to pass through from the outside while reducing heat loss from inside the home. Heat reflective glass by itself does not improve insulation; it has to be part of a double or triple-glazed unit.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">There are two types of heat reflective glass; the first is <strong>sputtered</strong> or <strong>soft-coat glass</strong>, this the coating is easily damaged by air or moisture, so it can only used on the inside of sealed double–glazed or triple-glazed units.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The second type is <strong>pyrolytic</strong> or <strong>hard-coat glass</strong>. Although this does not have to be sealed into a double–glazed unit, it is a less effective at keeping heat out of your conservatory in the summer.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Heat reflective glass will also reduce glare on really bright summer days, but still allow light into your conservatory on dull days.</div><br />
<a href="http://www.explainthatstuff.com/how-low-e-heat-reflective-windows-work.html">More information about Heat Reflective Glass</a><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8kcWgmE7CTtBscC1AtU7vsGGPBTG8jEey0NFmA-wRjwpskzZCwDUbDGXmceTcgSIR5PFRNFEEC4i3cxTw_neo1ZZFdPchvMPBWX8If4SBTGKKI3WbEc8PmPgXErDJYa7OY3iPNdjVIhg/s1600/reflective_use_2.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8kcWgmE7CTtBscC1AtU7vsGGPBTG8jEey0NFmA-wRjwpskzZCwDUbDGXmceTcgSIR5PFRNFEEC4i3cxTw_neo1ZZFdPchvMPBWX8If4SBTGKKI3WbEc8PmPgXErDJYa7OY3iPNdjVIhg/s320/reflective_use_2.gif" width="240" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigai123ncAl0v2t9Xw1UmsZQudwQ5-sbfo_n26NL61iOYXNgV5nda7kwqQw60yWZof8ETDG3kjJmSWx6CmfcCZ9GagZwa5ub4mO6st4srtgs-P_zvQXjCCTvYRpDCnHhBSQ6AfAF4EDUU/s1600/how-low-e-glass-works1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigai123ncAl0v2t9Xw1UmsZQudwQ5-sbfo_n26NL61iOYXNgV5nda7kwqQw60yWZof8ETDG3kjJmSWx6CmfcCZ9GagZwa5ub4mO6st4srtgs-P_zvQXjCCTvYRpDCnHhBSQ6AfAF4EDUU/s1600/how-low-e-glass-works1.gif" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg202oROFdq2pv4hh0FHzEUOVMDusXENMxYeiFzwL3QD6lVSWIGSD_ERjTAFzWgm18YEJC4S7iGTuzyEAv3CWBiGhKWpP2SvLcAzqjb_ZufLb9QAXf-VTTHCwBu4jJI9-q1To-JrVabM7k/s1600/how-low-e-glass-works2.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg202oROFdq2pv4hh0FHzEUOVMDusXENMxYeiFzwL3QD6lVSWIGSD_ERjTAFzWgm18YEJC4S7iGTuzyEAv3CWBiGhKWpP2SvLcAzqjb_ZufLb9QAXf-VTTHCwBu4jJI9-q1To-JrVabM7k/s1600/how-low-e-glass-works2.gif" /></a></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-8234992788338191842010-11-19T21:48:00.003+01:002010-11-20T13:11:55.975+01:00Anti - reflection Battle of Stealth Aircraft<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The first true "stealth" aircraft may have been the <span id="goog_1368099185"></span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horten_Ho_229"><span style="color: blue;">Horten Ho 229<span id="goog_1368099186"></span></span></a> <span style="color: black;">flying wing</span> fighter-bomber, developed in Germany during the last years of WWII. In addition to the aircraft's shape, which may not have been a deliberate attempt to affect radar deflection, the majority of the Ho 229's wooden skin was bonded together using carbon-impregnated plywood resins designed with the purported intention of absorbing radar waves. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Modern stealth aircraft first became possible when Denys Overholser, a mathematician working for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Lockheed</span></a> Aircraft during the 1970s, adopted a mathematical model developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr_Ufimtsev" title="Petr Ufimtsev"><span style="color: #0645ad;">Petr Ufimtsev</span></a>, a Russian scientist, to develop a computer program called Echo 1. Echo made it possible to predict the radar signature an aircraft made with flat panels, called facets. In 1975, engineers at Lockheed <span style="color: black;">Skunk Works</span> found that an airplane made with faceted surfaces could have a very low radar signature because the surfaces would radiate almost all of the radar energy away from the receiver. Lockheed built a model called "the Hopeless Diamond", so-called because it resembled a squat diamond, and looked too hopeless to ever fly. Because advanced computers were available to control the flight of even a Hopeless Diamond, for the first time designers realized that it might be possible to make an aircraft that was virtually invisible to radar.</div><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stealth_aircraft#Reflected_waves">More information about stealth aircraft</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNponhHLZDMzOHDDn-s7dnEDWHuGqO1SHR8Shwnos_LqMsGRTygrf13LBdobjQOSdcvX8xEw8jl5ntcb4ugHfS-HOEBKge52RLQkzceT84gT6X3BInE7DeaoCZpEEgx6z9P91ybb2kmtM/s1600/613px-USAF_B-2_Spirit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="312" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNponhHLZDMzOHDDn-s7dnEDWHuGqO1SHR8Shwnos_LqMsGRTygrf13LBdobjQOSdcvX8xEw8jl5ntcb4ugHfS-HOEBKge52RLQkzceT84gT6X3BInE7DeaoCZpEEgx6z9P91ybb2kmtM/s320/613px-USAF_B-2_Spirit.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-2_Spirit" title="B-2 Spirit"><span style="color: #0645ad;"><strong>B-2 Spirit</strong></span></a><strong> stealth bomber of the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force"><span style="color: #0645ad;"><strong>U.S Air Force</strong></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf1uHCX6g-Ijo5VeHtuWoJpdNFLmnYc09syvi3cNx05zkYtZ1-jhGo4cylGCEj1woyAM-ER_vbGEaRUo_gVl1YaqrW7MQyyRFFAdnceL0ghvEiPtdsH8ik-GiscULFUXxml0VLnFdpfS8/s1600/753px-X-35.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="254" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf1uHCX6g-Ijo5VeHtuWoJpdNFLmnYc09syvi3cNx05zkYtZ1-jhGo4cylGCEj1woyAM-ER_vbGEaRUo_gVl1YaqrW7MQyyRFFAdnceL0ghvEiPtdsH8ik-GiscULFUXxml0VLnFdpfS8/s320/753px-X-35.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear: left;"><strong>The </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II"><span style="color: #0645ad;"><strong>F-35 Lightning II</strong></span></a><strong> was developed by </strong></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear: left;"><strong>United States, and United Kingdom</strong></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizlCqYT2npayvJBreiQ7Jo4w84pjYLJK6G6P8VaP-rN5VE_mx9g4_LKNZR6A7NAOm_h24SUHfk97FfaBFbuKxhZ8kIlSHMEWpL7_a8XKYOZ-BE0ViPcvj0yiOmXT_hSXnrIXLK-P1TK74/s1600/800px-Lockheed_Martin_F-22.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><strong><img border="0" height="206" ox="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizlCqYT2npayvJBreiQ7Jo4w84pjYLJK6G6P8VaP-rN5VE_mx9g4_LKNZR6A7NAOm_h24SUHfk97FfaBFbuKxhZ8kIlSHMEWpL7_a8XKYOZ-BE0ViPcvj0yiOmXT_hSXnrIXLK-P1TK74/s320/800px-Lockheed_Martin_F-22.jpg" width="320" /></strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="thumbcaption" style="clear: left;"><strong>USAF </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor"><span style="color: #0645ad;"><strong>F-22 Raptor</strong></span></a><strong> stealth fighter of the </strong><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_Fighter_Squadron" title="27th Fighter Squadron"><span style="color: #0645ad;"><strong>27th Fighter Squadron</strong></span></a></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-42929779887519717422010-11-13T18:27:00.001+01:002010-11-13T18:28:54.174+01:00Look under the skin<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM6V_F_SOeANqauWAc5A5Q56KqsZHLRdzVTMfodTI8nACSLeSz1pASk26yY_dbQgD11wUbid24P_gzMXboPC28c7yDRxx_w8hY5uiyM0l6geLskQxxvvV_DxxZcxqUtFPjpYjsUofcFkg/s1600/raggi_x.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM6V_F_SOeANqauWAc5A5Q56KqsZHLRdzVTMfodTI8nACSLeSz1pASk26yY_dbQgD11wUbid24P_gzMXboPC28c7yDRxx_w8hY5uiyM0l6geLskQxxvvV_DxxZcxqUtFPjpYjsUofcFkg/s320/raggi_x.jpg" width="228" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">X-radiation</span></a></i></b> (composed of <b>X-rays</b>) is a form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Electromagnetic radiation"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">electromagnetic radiation</span></a>. X-rays have a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Wavelength"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">wavelength</span></a> in the range of 0.01 to 10 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Nanometer"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">nanometers</span></a>, corresponding to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Frequency"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">frequencies</span></a> in the range 30 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Hertz"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">petahertz</span></a> to 30 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Hertz"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">exahertz</span></a> (3 × 10<sup style="line-height: 1em;">16</sup> Hz to 3 × 10<sup style="line-height: 1em;">19</sup> Hz) and energies in the range 120 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronvolt" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Electronvolt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">eV</span></a> to 120 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KeV" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="KeV"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">keV</span></a>. They are shorter in wavelength than <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="UV"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">UV</span></a> rays and longer than <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gamma ray"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">gamma rays</span></a>. In many languages, X-radiation is called <b>Röntgen radiation</b>, after <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Wilhelm Röntgen"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen</span></a>, who is generally credited as its discoverer, and who had named it X-radiation to signify an unknown type of radiation. Correct spelling of X-ray(s) in the English language includes the variants x-ray(s) and X ray(s). XRAY is used as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_phonetic_alphabet" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="NATO phonetic alphabet"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">phonetic pronunciation</span></a> for the letter x.</div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;">X-rays from about 0.12 to 12 keV (10 to 0.10 nm wavelength) are classified as "soft" X-rays, and from about 12 to 120 keV (0.10 to 0.01 nm wavelength) as "hard" X-rays, due to their penetrating abilities.</div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Hard X-rays can penetrate solid objects, and their most common use is to take images of the inside of objects in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis_(medical)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Diagnosis (medical)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">diagnostic</span></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiography" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Radiography"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">radiography</span></a>and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="X-ray crystallography"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">crystallography</span></a>. As a result, the term <i>X-ray</i> is <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonomy" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Metonomy"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">metonymically</span></a> used to refer to a radiographic image produced using this method, in addition to the method itself. By contrast, soft X-rays can hardly be said to penetrate matter at all; for instance, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_length" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Attenuation length"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">attenuation length</span></a> of 600 eV (~ 2 nm) x-rays in water is less than 1 micrometer. X-rays are a form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Ionizing radiation"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">ionizing radiation</span></a>, and exposure to them can be a health hazard.</div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;">The distinction between X-rays and gamma rays has changed in recent decades. Originally, the electromagnetic radiation emitted by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_tube" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="X-ray tube"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">X-ray tubes</span></a> had a longer <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Wavelength"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">wavelength</span></a> than the radiation emitted by <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Radioactive"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">radioactive</span></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Atomic nucleus"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">nuclei</span></a> (gamma rays). Older literature distinguished between X- and gamma radiation on the basis of wavelength, with radiation shorter than some arbitrary wavelength, such as 10<sup style="line-height: 1em;">−11</sup> m, defined as gamma rays. However, as shorter wavelength continuous spectrum "X-ray" sources such as <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_accelerator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Linear accelerator"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">linear accelerators</span></a> and longer wavelength "gamma ray" emitters were discovered, the wavelength bands largely overlapped. The two types of radiation are now usually distinguished by their origin: X-rays are emitted by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Electron"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">electrons</span></a> outside the nucleus, while gamma rays are emitted by the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleus_(atomic_structure)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Nucleus (atomic structure)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">nucleus</span></a>.</div></div><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYb8svOTIUL2oOdIoHLeiP3jrQAEnK9ecXQLCAsWUyg8m8W2unCaujvrn9DksEhhss5rJURl9tZ2g8szmXDbHCaGN0IFZjQlyS4kKoXjwXzGrfAyWcT_JrFsA2hDLMHNxM8zHAQfw09UU/s1600/395px-Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYb8svOTIUL2oOdIoHLeiP3jrQAEnK9ecXQLCAsWUyg8m8W2unCaujvrn9DksEhhss5rJURl9tZ2g8szmXDbHCaGN0IFZjQlyS4kKoXjwXzGrfAyWcT_JrFsA2hDLMHNxM8zHAQfw09UU/s320/395px-Electromagnetic-Spectrum.png" width="210" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-84277637245026682312010-11-13T18:18:00.002+01:002010-11-13T18:19:32.093+01:00Change your aspect!You can change your appearance only through some devices like your dress or the makeup!<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1C3wgPLVYr_tEJKVCitddZKr5VDQbtT0P7zhGNcWVTnBmMyPoRAwr8M2oaOrRGC2ZzX3pAv0uVFw3ALI9uxKU9YWwCpHmQyn2z2R468XmalJA5GeLV5ss4o_PxpIKT7DMDYoNR1bN29Q/s1600/paillettes-paul-joe-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1C3wgPLVYr_tEJKVCitddZKr5VDQbtT0P7zhGNcWVTnBmMyPoRAwr8M2oaOrRGC2ZzX3pAv0uVFw3ALI9uxKU9YWwCpHmQyn2z2R468XmalJA5GeLV5ss4o_PxpIKT7DMDYoNR1bN29Q/s320/paillettes-paul-joe-2.jpg" width="212" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5TfnPqtpWyNO7h3HH-akBfHMnfdbdNwWj93uzqKHQGNtrmSgUjb-qYiGF5fmnPmx-86DduZkYCpSRtjnMy5uUh4MWNXbwOoimY-zL_bu8zvCEcZS1tpOi-nshZgEj_ntH5mGrPxmZz2g/s1600/decolletes-paillettes-kate-spade.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5TfnPqtpWyNO7h3HH-akBfHMnfdbdNwWj93uzqKHQGNtrmSgUjb-qYiGF5fmnPmx-86DduZkYCpSRtjnMy5uUh4MWNXbwOoimY-zL_bu8zvCEcZS1tpOi-nshZgEj_ntH5mGrPxmZz2g/s200/decolletes-paillettes-kate-spade.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The use of sequins in fashion</td></tr>
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<div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequin">Sequins</a></i></b> (paillettes) are disk-shaped <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beads" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Beads"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">beads</span></a> used for decorative purposes. They are available in a wide variety of colors and geometrical shapes. <b><i>Sequins are commonly used on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Clothing"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">clothing</span></a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelry" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Jewelry"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">jewelry</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bags" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Bags"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">bags</span></a> and other accessories.</i></b> Large sequins, fastened only at the top, have been used on billboards and other signage, particularly prior to the development of lighted and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon_sign" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Neon sign"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">neon signs</span></a>. Signs made with sequins were called <i>schmaltz</i>, as were the sequins themselves in that context.</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Evidence exists that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gold"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">gold</span></a> sequins were being used as decoration on clothing or paraphernalia in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Indus Valley"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Indus Valley</span></a> as early as 2500BC , during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kot_Diji" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Kot Diji"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Kot Diji</span></a> phase.</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Although coins are still used as sequins in some cultures, modern sequins tend to be made of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Plastic"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">plastic</span></a>. They may also be referred to as spangles, paillettes, or diamantes. Paillettes themselves are commonly very large and flat. Sequins may be stitched flat to the fabric, so that they do not move, and are less likely to fall off; or they may be stitched at only one point, so that they dangle and move easily, to catch more light. Some sequins are made with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facet" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Facet"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">facets</span></a>, to increase their reflective ability.</span></div><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSI9KlPLpz1l5XLAL_i76luQ6jA25CWwefhBrbybvxFoSmnBDPR9V9LkcQN5dZE1wTgr1KwSQCe8RYJ07vy_bHBVBeztzKKDHT52_gbalU6kCKEGWTvElo2_CcO1kkV4iqubyyCjQHr2g/s1600/red-nail-polish-for-winter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSI9KlPLpz1l5XLAL_i76luQ6jA25CWwefhBrbybvxFoSmnBDPR9V9LkcQN5dZE1wTgr1KwSQCe8RYJ07vy_bHBVBeztzKKDHT52_gbalU6kCKEGWTvElo2_CcO1kkV4iqubyyCjQHr2g/s320/red-nail-polish-for-winter.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nail polish</td></tr>
</tbody></table></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_polish"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Nail polish</span></a></i></b> (or <b>nail varnish</b>) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacquer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Lacquer"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">lacquer</span></a> applied to toenails and or fingernails for appearance, but also as nail protection. Polishing without adding chemical layers is called <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Buffing"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">buffing</span></a>. </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Nail polish has been traditionally worn by women, but has recently become more popular with men. Traditional colors for nail polish were red, pink and brown, and it can now be found in virtually any color. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_manicure" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="French manicure"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">French manicures</span></a> traditionally mimic the color of natural nails, using a clear, beige or soft pink polish on most of the nail with a white finish at the tips.</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Black has been a popular color of nail polish with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goth_subculture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Goth subculture"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">goths</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_subculture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Punk subculture"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">punks</span></a> of both genders since the 1970s, and has recently gained acceptance as a color for both men and women.</span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Some types of polish are advertised to cause nail growth, make nails stronger, prevent nails from breaking, cracking and splitting and stop nail biting. Nail polish may be applied as one of several components in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manicure" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Manicure"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">manicure</span></a>. However, some nail treatments contain ingredients such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_hexafluorophosphate" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Ammonium hexafluorophosphate"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">ammonium hexafluorophosphate</span></a>. </span></div><br />
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</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-90328614633418813032010-11-13T11:48:00.001+01:002010-11-13T17:57:47.154+01:00How to calculate the opacity? With the glossmeter!<div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opacity_(optics)">Opacity</a></i></b> is the measure of impenetrability to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Electromagnetic radiation"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">electromagnetic</span></a> or other kinds of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Radiation"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">radiation</span></a>, especially visible <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Light"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">light</span></a>. In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative_transfer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Radiative transfer"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">radiative transfer</span></a>, it describes the absorption and scattering of radiation in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_medium" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Transmission medium"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">medium</span></a>, such as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(physics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Plasma (physics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">plasma</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Dielectric"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">dielectric</span></a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_shield" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Radiation shield"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">shielding material</span></a>, glass, etc. An <b>opaque</b> object is neither <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_(optics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Transparency (optics)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">transparent</span></a> (allowing all light to pass through) nor <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translucent" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Translucent"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">translucent</span></a> (allowing some light to pass through). When light strikes an interface between two substances, in general some may be reflected, some absorbed, some scattered, and the rest transmitted (also see<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Refraction"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">refraction</span></a>). <b>Reflection</b> can be <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflection" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Diffuse reflection"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">diffuse</span></a>, for example <i><b>light reflecting</b></i> off a white wall, or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specular_reflection" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Specular reflection"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">specular</span></a>, for example light reflecting off a <i><b>mirror</b></i>. An opaque substance transmits no light, and therefore reflects, scatters, or absorbs all of it. Both <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Mirror"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">mirrors</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_black" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Carbon black"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">carbon black</span></a> are opaque. Opacity depends on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Frequency"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">frequency</span></a> of the light being considered. For instance, some kinds of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Glass"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">glass</span></a>, while transparent in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_light" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Visible light"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">visual range</span></a>, are largely opaque to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Ultraviolet"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">ultraviolet</span></a> light. More extreme frequency-dependence is visible in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_line" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Absorption line"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">absorption lines</span></a> of cold <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gas"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">gases</span></a>. Opacity can be quantified in many ways.</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">The words <i><b>"opacity"</b></i> and <i><b>"opaque"</b></i> are often used as colloquial terms for objects or media with the properties described above. However, there is also a specific, quantitative definition of "opacity", used in astronomy, plasma physics, and other fields, given here.</div><div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">In this use, "opacity" is another term for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_attenuation_coefficient" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mass attenuation coefficient">mass attenuation coefficient</a> (or, depending on context, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_absorption_coefficient" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mass absorption coefficient">mass absorption coefficient</a>, the difference is described <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_coefficient#Attenuation_versus_absorption" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Absorption coefficient">here</a>). <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;">κ<sub style="line-height: 1em;">ν</sub></span> at a particular frequency <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;">ν</span> of electromagnetic radiation.</div><div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">More specifically, if a beam of light with frequency <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;">ν</span> travels through a medium with opacity <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;">κ<sub style="line-height: 1em;">ν</sub></span> and mass density <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;">ρ</span>, both constant, then the intensity will be reduced with distance <i>x</i>according to the formula</div><dl style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.2em;"><dd style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; margin-left: 2em;"><img alt="I(x) = I_0 e^{-\kappa_\nu \rho x}" class="tex" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/8/e/6/8e6d25e021939f78d42b366887d4cb50.png" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" /></dd></dl><div style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">where</div><ul style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; list-style-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/vector/images/bullet-icon.png?1); list-style-type: square; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i>x</i> is the distance the light has traveled through the medium</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;"><i>I</i>(<i>x</i>)</span> is the intensity of light remaining at distance <i>x</i></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;"><i>I</i><sub style="line-height: 1em;">0</sub></span> is the initial intensity of light, at <span class="texhtml" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; white-space: nowrap;"><i>x</i> = 0</span></li>
</ul><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;"></span></span></span><br />
<div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglDU2Uzq_R2OELQoYivmEJdJyeuO5WCbYJj3ISeYI1XH52JszktAy6NfZL4P5OFLG3sHe5ZzgDsL-qa1zxJS7sO4-HmDD9fGkwpqvZ-cdv4EFuKrW0TJF_zflJ1H0jAD0OTUs76OLglOs/s1600/QIP+Glossmeter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglDU2Uzq_R2OELQoYivmEJdJyeuO5WCbYJj3ISeYI1XH52JszktAy6NfZL4P5OFLG3sHe5ZzgDsL-qa1zxJS7sO4-HmDD9fGkwpqvZ-cdv4EFuKrW0TJF_zflJ1H0jAD0OTUs76OLglOs/s320/QIP+Glossmeter.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></span></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;">A <b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossmeter">glossmeter</a></i></b> measures <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specular_reflection" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Specular reflection"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">specular reflection</span></a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Irradiance"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">light intensity</span></a> is registered over a small range of the reflection angle. The intensity is dependent on the material and the angle of illumination. In case of non-metals (coatings, plastics) the amount of reflected light increases with the increase of the illumination angle. The remaining illuminated light penetrates the material and is absorbed or diffusely scattered dependent on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Color"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">color</span></a>. Metals have a much higher reflection and are less angle dependent than non-metals.</span></span></span></div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;">A glossmeter gives the amount of reflected light from a sample, compared to that reflected from a black glass calibration standard with a defined <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Refractive index"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">refractive index</span></a>. The result is independent of the amount of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_light" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Incident light"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">incident light</span></a>. The gloss value of the reference standard is defined to be 100 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloss_units" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gloss units"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">gloss units</span></a>. Materials with a higher refractive index can have a measurement value above 100 gloss units. For transparent materials, the gloss can be increased by multiple reflections in the bulk of the material. Due to the high reflectivity of metals, values as high as 3500 gloss units can be obtained. For these applications it is common to use percent reflection of incident light rather than gloss units.</span></span></span></div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; white-space: normal;">Glossmeters usage procedures. as well as their defined angles of measurement, are internationally standardized to allow comparison of measurement values. Angle of illumination is the most important criterion. To clearly differentiate between high gloss and low gloss, several different measurement angles are used, with incident angles of 20, 60, and 85 degrees the most common. The 20 degree angle is normally used for high gloss surfaces, the 60 degree angle for medium gloss surfaces, and the 85 degree angle for low gloss surfaces. Other angles of measurement are used for specific applications, such as 75 degrees for plastic film, and 45 degrees for vinyl siding. </span></span></span></div></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 24px; white-space: nowrap;"><br />
</span></span></div></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-1092532170953341922010-11-11T11:45:00.000+01:002010-11-11T11:45:20.036+01:00Forces of nature<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6mRhwIsGFo9bZteLIL7iysEtbs2sWThCvcC558XXR8bCmhSqoVrCbBQB1D8J-oXQoXmGTkshM_KLu2BNXQV-oTwc6h5o9MMHFNOj-RSisP9-jiBRo5yIEHKvKhWgKcmqmHFKKmjjPgJQ/s1600/images+%25286%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6mRhwIsGFo9bZteLIL7iysEtbs2sWThCvcC558XXR8bCmhSqoVrCbBQB1D8J-oXQoXmGTkshM_KLu2BNXQV-oTwc6h5o9MMHFNOj-RSisP9-jiBRo5yIEHKvKhWgKcmqmHFKKmjjPgJQ/s320/images+%25286%2529.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">The contrast between the moonlight and the darkness of the sea.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide">Tides</a></i></b> are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Moon"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Moon</span></a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Sun"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Sun</span></a> and the rotation of the Earth.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">Most places in the ocean usually experience two high tides and two low tides each day (semidiurnal tide), but some locations experience only one high and one low tide each day (diurnal tide). The times and amplitude of the tides at the coast are influenced by the alignment of the Sun and Moon, by the pattern of tides in the deep ocean (see figure 4) and by the shape of the coastline and near-shore <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetry" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Bathymetry"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">bathymetry</span></a>.</div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">Most coastal areas experience two high and two low tides per day. The gravitational effect of the Moon on the surface of the Earth is the same when it is directly overhead as when it is directly underfoot. The Moon orbits the Earth in the same direction the Earth rotates on its axis, so it takes slightly more than a day—about 24 hours and 50 minutes—for the Moon to return to the same location in the sky. During this time, it has passed overhead once and underfoot once, so in many places the period of strongest tidal forcing is 12 hours and 25 minutes. The high tides do not necessarily occur when the Moon is overhead or underfoot, but the period of the forcing still determines the time between high tides.</div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">The Sun also exerts on the Earth a gravitational attraction which results in a (less powerful) secondary tidal effect. When the Earth, Moon and Sun are approximately aligned, these two tidal effects reinforce one another, resulting in higher highs and lower lows. This alignment occurs approximately twice a month (at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_moon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Full moon"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">full moon</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_moon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="New moon"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">new moon</span></a>). These recurring extreme tides are termed spring tides. Tides with the smallest range are termed neap tides (occurring around the first and last <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarter_moon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Quarter moon"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">quarter moons</span></a>).</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-73430112728582626402010-11-11T11:38:00.002+01:002010-11-11T11:39:48.593+01:00A different view of a text<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2a4o1j-wW2TGA9q74xBE4HbiD1ou2B4tRavPfkIhwSdKT7Lhls5y9Iv0htw5ewdM7pjoJEKW88_kiZX2qzCOmZ5fM6VdOzbdLN05DCx9wOfjBA3VNms_OZ6RIufgOAappTO4Xdr95pY/s1600/moravia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv2a4o1j-wW2TGA9q74xBE4HbiD1ou2B4tRavPfkIhwSdKT7Lhls5y9Iv0htw5ewdM7pjoJEKW88_kiZX2qzCOmZ5fM6VdOzbdLN05DCx9wOfjBA3VNms_OZ6RIufgOAappTO4Xdr95pY/s320/moravia.jpg" width="209" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span></div><h1 style="display: inline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><i><a href="http://books.google.it/books?id=WUJdAAAAMAAJ&q=opacit%C3%A0&dq=opacit%C3%A0&hl=it&ei=H8XbTL6SJIqO4AaGgM2UCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAw">Il mare dell'opacità</a></i>: </span></h1><span class="subtitle">una lettura di Moravia <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">(testo originale di Palmeri Silvana)</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span class="subtitle"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span class="subtitle"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></span></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: left;"><b>Alberto Moravia</b> (<a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonimo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Pseudonimo"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">pseudonimo</span></a> di <b>Alberto Pincherle</b>) (<a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Roma"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Roma</span></a>, <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/28_novembre" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="28 novembre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">28 novembre</span></a> <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1907" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="1907"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">1907</span></a> – <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Roma"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Roma</span></a>, <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/26_settembre" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="26 settembre"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">26 settembre</span></a> <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="1990"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">1990</span></a>) è stato uno <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrittore" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Scrittore"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">scrittore</span></a> <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Italia"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">italiano</span></a>. Considerato uno dei più importanti <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanzieri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Romanzieri"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">romanzieri</span></a> italiani del <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/XX_secolo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="XX secolo"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">XX secolo</span></a>, ha esplorato nelle sue opere i temi della <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sessualit%C3%A0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Sessualità"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">sessualità</span></a> moderna, dell'<a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alienazione" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Alienazione"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">alienazione</span></a>sociale e dell'<a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esistenzialismo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Esistenzialismo"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">esistenzialismo</span></a>.</div></div></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Salì alla ribalta nel <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="1929"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">1929</span></a> con il romanzo <i><a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gli_indifferenti" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Gli indifferenti">Gli indifferenti</a></i>, e pubblicò nella sua lunga carriera più di trenta romanzi. I temi centrali dell'opera di Moravia sono l'aridità morale, l'ipocrisia della vita contemporanea, e la sostanziale incapacità degli uomini di raggiungere la felicità nei modi tradizionali. La sua scrittura è rinomata per lo stile semplice e austero, caratterizzato dall'uso di un vocabolario comune inserito in una sintassi elegante ed elaborata.</div></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-8395389412382895282010-11-09T13:45:00.003+01:002010-11-09T20:36:21.810+01:003LCD Expands Technology - Reflective HTPS<div style="text-align: justify;">With the recent increase in popularity of HD content, there is also new demand for convenient, large-screen home viewing options that deliver stunning visual images. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">3LCD,the world's number one projection technology, today announced that projectors featuring the world's first reflective high-temperature polysilicon <span style="color: #20124d;">(Reflective HTPS) </span>liquid crystal chip for 3LCD will soon be available in major markets worldwide. The new reflective chip, measuring 0.74 inches on the diagonal, supports full high-definition content (1920 x 1080) and provides increased contrast ratios. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The new reflective liquid crystal chip provides contrast ratios of 100,000:1 or higher(1) and has the ability to reproduce bright, natural-looking images and deliver rich gradations. The main structural difference in the reflective chip is a reflective electrode instead of a transparent electrode, and the technology that enabled high-contrast ratios in the transmissive HTPS chip has been optimized for the new reflective HTPS chip. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The new reflective HTPS chip joins a list of innovate features and advantages that set 3LCD apart from the competition, including: </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">- 3-Chip Optical Engine: All 3LCD projectors use a 3-chip optical engine to deliver incredibly bright, true-to-life color. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- High Color Light Output: 3LCD projectors deliver high Color and White Light Output so images, video and text always look their very best. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- No Color Wheel: 3LCD projectors do not rely on a spinning color wheel to produce color and do not suffer from "the rainbow effect" or "color break-up." </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- Road-Tested Reliability: 3LCD technology is the #1 projection technology and has consistently been the choice of users who demand long-life performance and reliability. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">For more information about 3LCD technology and the wide variety of products and leading manufacturers that use it, visit <a href="http://www.3lcd.com/">http://www.3lcd.com/</a>. </div><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwggHOMAM8wHu41KESP5GA9K6CUj9dpbiZNapBLAw772YOM1Xmr48EwvnmCRv0sOjf3U1WlIh4sRJJkYv3guqe87SGO890SI_zE855JeeBXP29FLVwNuG2KfbJcHt7rWYhQBmP5obDerk/s1600/1-epsonlaunche.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="187" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwggHOMAM8wHu41KESP5GA9K6CUj9dpbiZNapBLAw772YOM1Xmr48EwvnmCRv0sOjf3U1WlIh4sRJJkYv3guqe87SGO890SI_zE855JeeBXP29FLVwNuG2KfbJcHt7rWYhQBmP5obDerk/s400/1-epsonlaunche.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"<strong>Comparison between new and old"</strong></td></tr>
</tbody></table>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-58120417046764139482010-11-04T17:15:00.000+01:002010-11-08T12:40:16.774+01:00Reflective Beauties in Architecture<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5gm4nxAMJXNXOFvJRzoHUHrafiIIYl7NHbp0cXsjWj9wuC88u92nJDBB_NSLisGx3114UcxHnvWmUk0sQJV2oXXURJRmgPX1rmA_-u4lu_CF_NvOhSrcfX7N0VeDV9e1FJZ3lXZXwNl4/s1600/reflective3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="228" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5gm4nxAMJXNXOFvJRzoHUHrafiIIYl7NHbp0cXsjWj9wuC88u92nJDBB_NSLisGx3114UcxHnvWmUk0sQJV2oXXURJRmgPX1rmA_-u4lu_CF_NvOhSrcfX7N0VeDV9e1FJZ3lXZXwNl4/s320/reflective3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-Prynq5lPO3rbNm3O9kIVyKpQ8fzxJHLiLb8CVQo6Yc_9PbcSL9PLAmM564QKqTYph-0ucnXE5OwoVKBak4DwMQcLfR5i0PuURJTkDDRwnBRohcEDfKClijjzfwncHZzydFrn5hZbt3k/s1600/reflective5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-Prynq5lPO3rbNm3O9kIVyKpQ8fzxJHLiLb8CVQo6Yc_9PbcSL9PLAmM564QKqTYph-0ucnXE5OwoVKBak4DwMQcLfR5i0PuURJTkDDRwnBRohcEDfKClijjzfwncHZzydFrn5hZbt3k/s320/reflective5.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3zA1qsLa3D9c-IszfyYtvTEiTOqPHhhz9K0HkE32lzuew6iN7YE6DfIa7qqGMdJxLBY_-NHNEbbU1fvvLJL2N0K-LTENDRaxaL95XOwD0EuYAm_QReV9zqScICDc3Fhm2QkOSPhq2Txk/s1600/reflective15.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="241" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3zA1qsLa3D9c-IszfyYtvTEiTOqPHhhz9K0HkE32lzuew6iN7YE6DfIa7qqGMdJxLBY_-NHNEbbU1fvvLJL2N0K-LTENDRaxaL95XOwD0EuYAm_QReV9zqScICDc3Fhm2QkOSPhq2Txk/s320/reflective15.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-43362715441826048392010-11-04T16:30:00.005+01:002010-11-04T16:37:52.043+01:00Fruit & Vegetable<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><strong><em> Reflective peel</em></strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="256" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmuR8UB1ipmotgoNDLzFsmApmBi9spY-kll8j6bDSM2GhG0GP3-OjtMnaV88SoajVjZOPdDdSdV7smg0PsV6TT8qdsALAcusSLWas42dFPRjyiyYDEQW19kSThhKtQR2ceKg1YgN_ccV4/s320/mela.jpg" width="320" /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5HBMEHbeM3pDrLDoCDj0KfxHYM-Dn7YuFrRDOQPbLwvYHyxliPUkOLbzM4l4nUF6OtyTUP7L1MU0ujV_RK1IqYYSjGUQ3x83xEWqQhBaNztj0Xu-ci5GQRQUDrapKR8d1bxrM4npA0qg/s1600/melanzana-intera.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5HBMEHbeM3pDrLDoCDj0KfxHYM-Dn7YuFrRDOQPbLwvYHyxliPUkOLbzM4l4nUF6OtyTUP7L1MU0ujV_RK1IqYYSjGUQ3x83xEWqQhBaNztj0Xu-ci5GQRQUDrapKR8d1bxrM4npA0qg/s320/melanzana-intera.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><em><strong>Matte peel</strong></em></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaPURNp9iuzHDwqwuhgbFrbtPYKZ-jACTqqItjytaBI4E6-VjxWHI4dydedSuHX3XwMkQ2B84WVl37yxYArhVRjiqcWA-X2djkugAQr28Mi2rGiOXAXgVdbTW1dy7E3nPrzEvAOTeFhWA/s1600/Albicocche.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaPURNp9iuzHDwqwuhgbFrbtPYKZ-jACTqqItjytaBI4E6-VjxWHI4dydedSuHX3XwMkQ2B84WVl37yxYArhVRjiqcWA-X2djkugAQr28Mi2rGiOXAXgVdbTW1dy7E3nPrzEvAOTeFhWA/s320/Albicocche.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiwbcgI7Uzh_gwr6dphT43OYNsUXrYN9-OkeCa157RXCjqzP2Vr3cnopZrHIkbxfhoqk1vsl-hFRwhHZ3ahjgN1g4kU6IkOQPJxSJ3MH8wP203mzLLZb-yAFVKVhuFE7RxmbufBavGDQg/s1600/la-patata-geneticamente-modificata.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="313" px="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiwbcgI7Uzh_gwr6dphT43OYNsUXrYN9-OkeCa157RXCjqzP2Vr3cnopZrHIkbxfhoqk1vsl-hFRwhHZ3ahjgN1g4kU6IkOQPJxSJ3MH8wP203mzLLZb-yAFVKVhuFE7RxmbufBavGDQg/s320/la-patata-geneticamente-modificata.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4362400610698293882.post-19599187747948527602010-11-03T20:57:00.000+01:002010-11-03T20:57:34.379+01:00Inside the car<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI5A-pi27i5UUWR3Sn2LhBvN4sduR3RAtuKdZhEmAXJiSg96zKDjgqHH-8eiw_ROMA-3FoK0P-GbaiUTpnOiim7PFHJu22hzHEd1fSsELCfAJ3G6LU6DfqvxlFE9y-jm_N_h4R-NYRrBU/s1600/foto_interni_fiat500.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI5A-pi27i5UUWR3Sn2LhBvN4sduR3RAtuKdZhEmAXJiSg96zKDjgqHH-8eiw_ROMA-3FoK0P-GbaiUTpnOiim7PFHJu22hzHEd1fSsELCfAJ3G6LU6DfqvxlFE9y-jm_N_h4R-NYRrBU/s320/foto_interni_fiat500.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">A <b><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashboard">dashboard</a></i></b> (also called <b>dash</b>, <b>instrument panel</b>, <b>dial and switch housing</b> or <b>fascia</b>) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_panel_(engineering)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Control panel (engineering)"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">control panel</span></a> placed in front of the driver of an<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Automobile"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">automobile</span></a>, housing instrumentation and controls for operation of the vehicle. The word originally applied to a barrier of wood or leather fixed at the front of a horse-drawn <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carriage#Body" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Carriage"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">carriage</span></a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sled" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; text-decoration: none;" title="Sled"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">sleigh</span></a> to protect the driver from mud or other debris thrown up by the wheels and horses' hooves. </div>SCM.dark.refractory.blogspot.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17179537671965032224noreply@blogger.com0